The International Air Transport Association (IATA) announced that the ongoing recovery in passenger demand continued in October.
- Total traffic in October 2023 (measured in revenue passenger kilometers or RPKs) rose 31.2% compared to October 2022. Globally, traffic is now at 98.2% of pre-COVID levels.
- Domestic traffic for October rose 33.7% versus October 2022, driven by the triple-digit percentage growth recorded in China, and was 4.8% above the October 2019 results.
- International traffic climbed 29.7% compared to the same month a year ago. All markets saw double-digit percentage gains year on year. International RPKs reached 94.4% of October 2019 levels.
“October’s strong result brings the industry ever closer to completing the post-pandemic traffic recovery. Domestic markets remain above pre-COVID levels. International demand is recovering, but more slowly. In particular, Asia Pacific carriers’ international demand is 19.5% behind 2019. This could reflect the late lifting of COVID restrictions in parts of the region as well as commercial developments and political tensions, ” said Willie Walsh, IATA’s Director General.
| Air passenger market in detail – October 2023 | ||||||
| World | October 2023 (% year-on-year) | |||||
| share1 | RPK | ASK | PLF (%-pt)2 | PLF (level)3 | ||
| TOTAL MARKET | 100.0% | 31.2% | 29.4% | 1.2% | 83.1% | |
| Africa | 2.1% | 21.4% | 29.0% | -4.4% | 70.7% | |
| Asia Pacific | 22.1% | 90.9% | 77.9% | 5.6% | 82.1% | |
| Europe | 30.8% | 14.7% | 12.4% | 1.7% | 85.6% | |
| Latin America | 6.4% | 13.6% | 12.0% | 1.3% | 84.8% | |
| Middle East | 9.8% | 23.9% | 21.4% | 1.6% | 80.6% | |
| North America | 28.8% | 10.5% | 13.7% | -2.4% | 83.6% | |
| 1% of industry RPKs in 2022 | 2Change in load factor | 3Load factor level | ||||
International Passenger Markets
Asia-Pacific airlines saw an 80.3% increase in October 2023 traffic compared to October 2022, continuing to lead the regions. Capacity climbed 72.5% and the load factor increased by 3.6 percentage points to 82.9%.
European carriers’ October 2023 traffic rose 16.1% versus October 2022. Capacity increased 14.5%, and load factor edged up 1.2 percentage points to 85.1%.
Middle Eastern airlines posted a 24.1% rise in October 2023 traffic compared to a year ago. Capacity rose 22.2% and load factor climbed 1.2 percentage points to 80.6%. There was little impact at the regional and global levels from the Israel-Hamas war, despite reduced airline operations to/from Israel.
North American carriers had a 17.5% traffic rise in October 2023 versus the 2022 period. Capacity also increased 17.5%, and load factor was stable at 83.9%.
Latin American airlines’ traffic rose 21.2% compared to the same month in 2022. October capacity climbed faster — up 22.3% — pushing load factor down 0.8 percentage points to 85.3%, highest among the regions.
African airlines saw a 25.3% traffic increase in October 2023 versus a year ago. October capacity was up 32.4% causing load factor to decline 4.0 percentage points to 70.3%, lowest among the regions.
Domestic Passenger Markets
| Air passenger market in detail – October 2023 | ||||||
| World | October 2023 (% year-on-year) | |||||
| share1 | RPK | ASK | PLF (%-pt)2 | PLF (level)3 | ||
| Domestic | 41.9% | 33.7% | 31.8% | 1.2% | 83.0% | |
| Dom. Australia4 | 1.0% | 7.5% | 11.4% | -3.1% | 83.0% | |
| Domestic Brazil4 | 1.5% | 8.9% | 3.3% | 4.3% | 83.3% | |
| Dom. China P.R.4 | 6.4% | 252.6% | 188.2% | 14.7% | 80.6% | |
| Domestic India4 | 2.0% | 10.0% | 9.2% | 0.6% | 83.7% | |
| Domestic Japan4 | 1.2% | 7.8% | -2.3% | 7.5% | 79.8% | |
| Domestic US4 | 19.2% | 7.9% | 12.9% | -3.8% | 83.2% | |
| 1% of industry RPKs in 2022 | 2Change in load factor | 3Load factor level | ||||
| 4 Note: the six domestic passenger markets for which broken-down data are available account for approximately 31.3% of global total RPKs and 74.6% of total domestic RPKs | ||||||
Brazil’s domestic RPKs rose 8.9% compared to a year ago and were 1.1% above the 2019 result.
US domestic demand climbed 7.9% in October, but this was exceeded by a 12.9% rise in capacity, pushing domestic load factor down for a third straight month, to 83.2%.
The Bottom Line
“People assign a high value to the freedom to travel. The strong demand we’ve seen all year confirms that. And aviation is committed to ensuring that people can continue to enjoy this freedom. To do that in the long-term, we must also meet our commitment to achieve net zero carbon emissions by 2050. Last month, the Third Conference on Aviation Alternative Fuels (CAAF/3) agreed a global framework to promote Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) production with the aim that aviation fuel in 2030 is 5% less carbon intensive than fossil fuel used today. Now, governments need to support that target by immediately putting in place policies to stimulate SAF production. It bears repeating: last year, every drop of SAF that was produced was purchased. The same thing will occur this year. But, with a few notable exceptions, governments are not living up to their obligations to ensure SAF is plentiful and affordable to support the industry’s energy transition,” said Walsh.